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Ramaphosa’s Expropriation Bill Sparks Divisions Within the GNU

President Cyril Ramaphosa’s decision to sign the controversial Expropriation Bill into law has intensified divisions within South Africa’s Government of National Unity (GNU). The move has prompted fierce opposition from key coalition partners, with the Democratic Alliance (DA) and Freedom Front Plus (FF+) threatening legal challenges to contest the constitutionality of the legislation.
DA and FF+ Push Back
The DA and FF+, both members of the GNU, have condemned the Expropriation Bill, citing concerns over property rights and constitutional violations.
- DA Leader John Steenhuisen has called a briefing to outline the party’s next steps, stating, “We will fight this dangerous legislation by every possible means, including in the courts.”
- The FF+ accused Ramaphosa of misleading the public about the Bill’s fairness, highlighting provisions that allow for expropriation at “nil compensation” in certain cases.
FF+ representatives have vowed to take the matter to the Constitutional Court, arguing that the legislation undermines property rights and creates legal uncertainty that could deter investment.
What Does the Expropriation Bill Change?
The Expropriation Bill allows for property expropriation without compensation in specific instances, but it does not override Section 25 of the Constitution, which governs property rights.
Professor Johann Kirsten, director of the Bureau for Economic Research, noted that the Bill introduces scenarios where nil compensation can occur but emphasized that such cases would ultimately be subject to judicial interpretation.
Despite assurances, critics argue that the Bill introduces a degree of uncertainty that could harm investor confidence at a critical time for South Africa’s economy.
Third Strike for the GNU
This latest controversy marks the third major point of contention within the GNU.
- National Health Insurance (NHI) Scheme: Signed into law before the GNU’s formation, the NHI remains a divisive issue within the coalition. ANC officials continue to push for its implementation, despite significant opposition from other parties and sectors.
- Basic Education Laws Amendment (BELA) Act: Signed into law in December 2024, the BELA Act was another flashpoint, with partner parties criticizing the lack of compromise.
The Expropriation Bill adds to this growing list of contentious issues, raising questions about the GNU’s stability and effectiveness.
Political Fallout
While opposition parties within the GNU have voiced their discontent, their ability to challenge these decisions remains limited. Each major policy enacted by Ramaphosa has faced backlash but little practical or political impact within the coalition.
Steenhuisen’s upcoming address is expected to clarify the DA’s stance on both the Expropriation Bill and other divisive laws, including the NHI.
Implications for South Africa
The political tension surrounding the Expropriation Bill comes at a delicate time for South Africa. The country is attempting to attract investment, as showcased by its presence at the World Economic Forum, but laws like this one may create further uncertainty for potential investors.
With the DA and FF+ preparing legal challenges, the ultimate fate of the Expropriation Bill could hinge on Constitutional Court rulings. Until then, the controversy is likely to fuel further divisions within the GNU and continue to dominate South Africa’s political discourse.
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